- অসমীয়া
India (Assam and neighbouring north-eastern states) · Bhutan (small communities)
- বাংলা
Bangladesh · India (West Bengal, Tripura, Assam) · Diaspora in the UK, Middle East, North America and Europe
- भोजपुरी
India (western Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand) · Nepal (Terai) · Mauritius, Fiji, Suriname, Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago and South Africa (historical diaspora varieties)
- براہوئی
Pakistan (Balochistan, especially Kalat, Mastung and Khuzdar) · Southern Afghanistan · Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan)
- မြန်မာဘာသာ
Myanmar · Thailand (migrant communities) · Diaspora in Malaysia, Singapore, the UK, North America and Australia
- 廣東話
Hong Kong · Macao · China (Guangdong and Guangxi)
- Sinugbuanong Binisaya
Philippines (Central Visayas, eastern Negros, Bohol, Leyte and much of Mindanao) · Filipino diaspora worldwide
- 普通话
China · Taiwan · Singapore
- চাটগাঁইয়া
Bangladesh (Chattogram Division, including Chattogram and Cox's Bazar districts) · Migrant communities in the Gulf states, Malaysia, the UK, Italy and North America
- Falam Chin
Myanmar (northern Chin State, around Falam) · India (Mizoram) · Resettled communities in North America, Australia and Europe
- Filipino
Philippines (national language) · Filipino diaspora in the Middle East, North America, Europe, Australia and Asia
- ગુજરાતી
India (Gujarat, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Mumbai) · Diaspora in the UK, East Africa, North America and Australia
- Laiholh
Myanmar (Chin State, especially Hakha and Thantlang townships) · India (Mizoram) · Resettled communities in the United States, Malaysia, Australia, Canada and several European countries
- 客家話
China (Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi) · Taiwan · Hong Kong
- हिन्दी
India (official language of the Union and of many northern states) · Nepal · Fiji (Fiji Hindi)
- ہندکو
Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Hazara Division, Peshawar, Kohat; Punjab: Attock district) · Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Muzaffarabad area) · Diaspora in the UK and the Gulf
- Hmoob
Laos · Vietnam · Thailand
- Bahasa Indonesia
Indonesia · Timor-Leste (working language) · Diaspora in the Netherlands, Australia, Malaysia, the UK and North America
- 日本語
Japan · Diaspora in the US (including Hawaii), Brazil, the UK, Europe and Australia
- Basa Jawa
Indonesia (Central and East Java, Yogyakarta, and transmigration areas) · Suriname · Malaysia
- Jinghpaw
Myanmar (Kachin State and northern Shan State) · China (Yunnan, where it is known as Jingpo) · India (Arunachal Pradesh and Assam, as Singpho)
- ಕನ್ನಡ
India (Karnataka and neighbouring states) · Diaspora in the US, UK, the Gulf and Australia
- Karenni
Myanmar (Kayah State, also called Karenni State, and nearby Shan State) · Thailand (Mae Hong Son province, including refugee camps) · Resettled communities in the United States, Australia, Canada, Finland and elsewhere
- ភាសាខ្មែរ
Cambodia · Vietnam (Mekong Delta) · Thailand (north-east)
- कोंकणी
India (Goa) · India (coastal Karnataka) · India (Maharashtra, Kerala)
- 한국어
South Korea · North Korea · China (Yanbian and north-east)
- કચ્છી
India (Kutch district of Gujarat, Mumbai) · Pakistan (Sindh, especially Karachi) · Diaspora in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Malawi, the UK, North America and the Gulf
- ພາສາລາວ
Laos · Thailand (Isan region, where closely related Isan is spoken) · Diaspora in the US, France, Australia and Canada
- Bahasa Melayu
Malaysia · Brunei · Singapore
- മലയാളം
India (Kerala, Lakshadweep, Puducherry's Mahé) · Gulf states · Diaspora in the UK, Ireland, North America and Australia
- मराठी
India (Maharashtra, Goa and neighbouring states) · Diaspora in the US, UK, the Gulf and Australia
- Mirpuri
Mirpur District, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan · Kotli and Bhimber districts · United Kingdom (diaspora)
variety - ဘာသာမန်
Myanmar (Mon State, Kayin State, Tanintharyi Region and Bago Region) · Thailand (communities in central and western provinces) · Communities in North America, Europe and Australia
- Монгол хэл
Mongolia · Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China · Diaspora in South Korea, Europe and North America
- नेपाली
Nepal · India (Sikkim, Darjeeling, parts of the north-east) · Bhutan
- ଓଡ଼ିଆ
India (Odisha and neighbouring states) · Diaspora in the US, UK and the Gulf
- Pahari (Pahari-Pothwari)
Pothohar plateau, Punjab, Pakistan (Rawalpindi, Jhelum, Chakwal) · Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan · Murree hills
- Pashai
Afghanistan (Laghman, Nangarhar, Kapisa and Kunar provinces, and nearby areas)
- ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Pakistan (Punjab) · India (Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh) · Diaspora in the UK, Canada, the US, Australia and the Gulf
- Pwo Karen
Myanmar: Kayin and Mon States (Eastern Pwo) · Myanmar: Ayeyarwady, Bago and Yangon Regions (Western Pwo) · Thailand: western and northern provinces, including Kanchanaburi, Chiang Mai, Mae Hong Son, Phrae and Lampang
- Ruáingga
Myanmar (northern Rakhine State) · Bangladesh (Cox's Bazar district) · Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, India and resettled communities in North America, Europe and Australia
- संस्कृतम्
India · Nepal · Academic and religious communities worldwide
- سرائیکی
Southern Punjab, Pakistan (Multan, Bahawalpur, Dera Ghazi Khan) · Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa · Northern Sindh and eastern Balochistan
- ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး
Myanmar (Shan State, and parts of Kachin State and Sagaing Region) · Thailand (Mae Hong Son and Chiang Mai provinces, and migrant communities across the country) · China (Yunnan border areas)
- Shina
Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan: Gilgit, Diamer, Astore and parts of Ghizer; Kohistan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) · India (Gurez valley and Dras area)
- سنڌي
Pakistan (Sindh) · India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Delhi) · Diaspora in the UK, the Gulf, Hong Kong, Singapore, the US and elsewhere
- සිංහල
Sri Lanka · Diaspora in the UK, Italy, Australia, the Middle East, Canada and South Korea
- Basa Sunda
Indonesia (West Java, Banten, Jakarta and transmigration areas) · Indonesian diaspora
- ছিলটি
Bangladesh (Sylhet Division) · India (Barak Valley of Assam, Tripura, parts of Meghalaya) · United Kingdom diaspora
- Wikang Tagalog
Philippines (Metro Manila, Calabarzon, Central Luzon, Mimaropa and Bulacan) · Filipino diaspora worldwide
- தமிழ்
India (Tamil Nadu, Puducherry) · Sri Lanka (northern and eastern provinces, hill country) · Singapore
- తెలుగు
India (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and neighbouring states) · Diaspora in the US, UK, the Gulf, Australia and Malaysia
- Tetun
Timor-Leste · Indonesia (Belu and Malaka regencies, West Timor) · Diaspora in Portugal, the UK, Australia and Ireland
- ภาษาไทย
Thailand · Diaspora in the US, UK, Europe, Australia and the Middle East
- བོད་སྐད་
China (Tibet Autonomous Region and Tibetan areas of Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu and Yunnan) · India · Nepal
- Turi
India (Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal)
- اردو
Pakistan (national language) · India (official in several states) · Diaspora in the UK, the Gulf, North America and Europe
- Tiếng Việt
Vietnam · Diaspora in the US, France, Australia, Canada, Germany, Czechia, the UK and elsewhere
- 上海话
China (Shanghai, southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang) · Diaspora communities
