Asian languages

Shina interpreting and translation

Shina is the main language of much of Gilgit-Baltistan in northern Pakistan and is also spoken in the Gurez valley and the Dras area further east. SILA Linguists supplies Shina interpreters and translators for clients across the UK, North America, Australia, New Zealand and beyond.

Shina

Shina

Script
Arabic script (Urdu-based)
Direction
Right to left
ISO 639-3
scl

Shina is a Dardic language of the Indo-Aryan branch. Its speakers live in high valleys along the Indus, Gilgit and Astore rivers. Recognised dialects include Gilgiti, Astori, Chilasi, Kohistani, Gurezi and Drasi. Kohistani Shina, spoken in the Indus Kohistan area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, is often treated as a separate language, and Brokskat, spoken in Ladakh, is closely related.

Unusually for the region, Shina has a pitch accent: whether the voice rises or falls on a syllable can separate words that otherwise sound alike. Interpreters therefore listen for intonation as well as for vowels and consonants.

Most speakers in Pakistan also use Urdu, and many younger people use English for study and work. Families from Gilgit-Baltistan live in Karachi, Islamabad and Rawalpindi as well as abroad.

  • Main areas: Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan)
  • Also used: Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), India (Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir)
  • Other regions

Communities abroad are not shown. Point to an area to see its name.

How we help

Shina services

SILA Linguists®

Shina interpreting and translation services with SILA Linguists®

Shina is spoken in the high valleys along the Indus, Gilgit and Astore rivers of Gilgit-Baltistan, in Indus Kohistan, and in the Gurez valley and Dras area on the Indian side. SILA Linguists® provides Shina interpreters, translators and transcribers for immigration, health, legal and education work internationally, from the UK to North America, Australia and New Zealand. Gilgiti, Astori, Chilasi, Kohistani, Gurezi and Drasi Shina differ noticeably, so we ask where the speaker grew up and assign an interpreter from the same area wherever possible.

Shina interpreters for detailed and sensitive conversations

Immigration interviews, witness statements, detailed medical histories, mental health assessments, family disputes, education meetings and employment advice are where Shina interpreting is most valued. Many speakers are confident in Urdu for everyday matters, but people return to their first language when a conversation becomes emotional or complex. We offer face-to-face interpreting, video remote interpreting through the SILA Linguists® app and telephone interpreting at any hour of any day.

Shina has a pitch accent, so a rising or falling voice can separate words that otherwise sound the same. Our interpreters listen for intonation as closely as for vowels and consonants. Clients may request an interpreter of a particular gender.

Shina translation and certified Pakistani documents

Shina is written right to left in an Urdu-based Arabic script with extra letters for retroflex and other sounds Urdu lacks. Several orthographies have been proposed and none is universal, so we confirm conventions before any written Shina project begins. Community information, letters and recorded audio can be prepared for Shina-speaking families.

Pakistani identity cards, school and university records, and legal documents are in Urdu or English. We certify translations of these with a translator's signed accuracy statement, accepted by UK authorities such as the Home Office, courts and universities, and by employers. Urdu or English papers for US, Canadian or Australian authorities are certified to their rules, NAATI included. Names of villages, clans and valleys are transliterated consistently across a file, which matters when documents must agree with interview evidence.

Shina transcription and LADO

Recorded interviews in Shina are transcribed in full with time codes, then rendered into English, with switches into Urdu or English clearly marked. Where an asylum claim depends on whether a speaker comes from Gilgit-Baltistan, Kohistan or across the Line of Control, language analysis (LADO) can be arranged through specialist analysts.

Sectors we support in Shina

Our vetted, trained and qualified Shina linguists can support immigration services and legal representatives, courts, NHS and mental health teams, schools and colleges, employment advisers and community organisations. You work with one project team, vetted linguists, and signed NDAs and UK data protection law at every stage. They are also prepared to help families from Gilgit-Baltistan who have settled abroad after time in Karachi, Islamabad or Rawalpindi. Shina interpreters can also support immigration hearings, hospitals and legal advisers in North America and Australia, mostly by telephone or video.

Good to know

Working with Shina

Interpreting

  • Ask where the speaker grew up. Gilgiti and Kohistani Shina differ enough that an interpreter from the same area improves accuracy, especially for witness statements or detailed medical histories.
  • Many Shina speakers are confident in Urdu for everyday matters. Shina gives a clearer account in emotionally difficult conversations, family disputes and mental health assessments, where people tend to return to their first language.
  • Shina interpreting is available face to face, by video (VRI) and by telephone (OPI), at any hour. Clients may request an interpreter of a particular gender.

Translation

  • Shina is written right to left in an Urdu-based Arabic script, with extra letters or marks for sounds that Urdu lacks, such as retroflex consonants. Several orthographies have been proposed and none is universally accepted, so we confirm the conventions before work begins.
  • Pakistani identity cards, school records and legal documents are in Urdu or English. SILA provides certified translation of them into English, accepted by UK authorities such as the Home Office, courts and universities, and by international bodies, and transcribes and translates recorded Shina interviews.
Related languages

Shina and its neighbours

Choose a language to see its page. Getting the right variety matters: tell us the region or dialect if you know it.

  • Immigration
  • Healthcare and mental health
  • Courts and legal advice
  • Education
  • Employment and community services
Get in touch

Need a Shina interpreter or translator?

Our bookings team will confirm the details with you and arrange the right linguist. Have the language (and dialect, if you know it), the type of assignment and the date ready.

Call our bookings team+44 (0)333 339 8218
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