African languages

Oromo (Afaan Oromoo) interpreting and translation

Oromo, or Afaan Oromoo, is the most widely spoken first language in Ethiopia and one of the largest languages of Africa. It is written in a Latin-based alphabet called Qubee.

In its own words

Afaan Oromoo

Script
Latin (Qubee)
Direction
Left to right
ISO 639-3
orm

Oromo is a Cushitic language of the Afro-Asiatic family. It is the mother tongue of a very large share of Ethiopia's population. It is the working language of Oromia, Ethiopia's largest regional state, and it has been approved as an additional working language of the federal government. Oromo communities also live in northern and eastern Kenya and in parts of Somalia, and there are established diaspora communities across Europe, North America and Australia.

Oromo has several main varieties: West Central Oromo, spoken around Addis Ababa and western Oromia; Eastern Oromo, centred on Harar; and the southern Borana-Arsi-Guji varieties, which extend into Kenya. Orma and Waata are spoken in Kenya. Speakers of the major varieties generally understand each other, but vocabulary, pronunciation and some grammar differ.

Oromo was formerly written with the Ethiopic (Ge'ez) script and, among some Muslim communities, with Arabic letters. The Qubee Latin alphabet was later formally adopted, and it is now used in schools, government, media and publishing. Older speakers educated before the change may still read Amharic more comfortably than written Oromo. The name 'Galla', found in older documents, is considered offensive and should not be used.

  • Main areas: Ethiopia (Oromia)
  • Also used: Kenya (Eastern)
  • Other regions

Communities abroad are not shown. Point to an area to see its name.

How we help

Oromo services

SILA Linguists®

Oromo (Afaan Oromoo) interpreting and translation services with SILA Linguists®

Afaan Oromoo is the mother tongue of a very large community, the working language of Oromia, Ethiopia's largest regional state, and an additional working language of the federal government. Oromo communities also live in northern and eastern Kenya and parts of Somalia, with established diaspora communities across Europe, North America and Australia. SILA Linguists® provides Oromo interpreters, translators and transcribers for asylum interviews and tribunals, healthcare, police and courts, schools and community services worldwide.

Oromo interpreters, never an Amharic substitute

Many Oromo speakers are fluent in Amharic, but language can be a sensitive matter, and many clients strongly prefer to be interviewed in Oromo. We never treat an Amharic interpreter as an acceptable substitute. Dialect matters most for clients from southern Ethiopia or Kenya, where Borana or Guji speech differs noticeably from the West Central variety heard in Addis Ababa, so we ask for the client's home area when you book.

Our Oromo interpreters work in Home Office asylum interviews and tribunal hearings, police interviews and courts, GP and hospital appointments, mental health and community support, and parent meetings at school. Some women prefer a female interpreter in healthcare, and we arrange that on request. Interpreting is available in person, by phone around the clock throughout the year, and by video on our SILA Linguists® app or the software you normally use for calls. Conferences and community events can be covered with consecutive, simultaneous or remote simultaneous interpreting.

Oromo translation in Qubee and certified Ethiopian documents

Qubee uses the Latin alphabet with digraphs such as ch, dh, ny, ph and sh. Long vowels and doubled consonants are written twice, and an apostrophe marks the glottal stop, so careless spell-checking or typesetting can change meaning. Our translators and proofreaders check every one. We translate health information, school letters, safeguarding materials and community campaigns into Oromo, and statements, letters and messages into English.

Birth certificates, kebele identity cards and school records are often issued in Amharic, sometimes with English, even for Oromo speakers. We check the actual source language of each document and provide certified translation with our signed declaration of accuracy, accepted by UK authorities such as the Home Office and universities, and by employers. Ethiopian documents needed by American, Canadian or Australian authorities are certified in the form each specifies, NAATI-certified translation for Australia included.

Oromo transcription and LADO

We transcribe Oromo interviews, phone recordings and research audio with timings marked and an English translation supplied, flagging switches into Amharic. Language analysis for the determination of origin (LADO) is available for asylum applicants.

Sectors we support in Oromo

Our vetted, trained and qualified Oromo linguists can support immigration and asylum teams, tribunals, police and courts, NHS and mental health services, schools, community organisations and charities. You work with one project team, and each case is protected by confidentiality agreements and UK GDPR. Oromo interpreters can assist refugee hearings, immigration attorneys, hospitals and schools in the US, Canada and Australia.

Good to know

Working with Oromo

Interpreting

  • Dialect matching matters most for clients from southern Ethiopia or Kenya, where Borana or Guji speech differs noticeably from the West Central variety heard in Addis Ababa. Asking for the client's home area at the booking stage helps place the right interpreter. Our page on Borana covers that variety in more detail.
  • Many Oromo speakers are also fluent in Amharic, but language can be a sensitive matter and some clients strongly prefer to be interviewed in Oromo. Never assume that an Amharic interpreter is an acceptable substitute. In healthcare, some women prefer a female interpreter for gynaecological or maternity appointments, and this request should be accommodated where possible.
  • Oromo is often needed for asylum interviews and appeals, where precise rendering of place names, family relationships and dates is vital. Ethiopian dates follow the Ethiopian calendar, which differs from the Gregorian calendar by about seven to eight years, so interpreters should flag dates that may need conversion rather than adjusting them silently. Telephone and video interpreting are widely used and well suited to Oromo.

Translation

  • Qubee uses the standard Latin alphabet with digraphs such as ch, dh, ny, ph and sh. Long vowels and doubled consonants are written twice, and an apostrophe marks the glottal stop, so careless spell-checking or typesetting can change meaning. Standard Unicode fonts work without difficulty.
  • Ethiopian civil documents such as birth certificates, kebele identity cards and school records are often issued in Amharic, sometimes with English, even for Oromo speakers. When preparing certified translations it is therefore important to check which language the source document is actually in. For public information leaflets, consider whether West Central Oromo is suitable for the audience or whether a southern variety would be clearer.
Related languages

Oromo and its neighbours

Choose a language to see its page. Getting the right variety matters: tell us the region or dialect if you know it.

  • Home Office asylum interviews and tribunal hearings
  • NHS and other public health services
  • Police interviews and courts
  • Schools and parent meetings
  • Community and mental health support
Get in touch

Need a Oromo interpreter or translator?

Our bookings team will confirm the details with you and arrange the right linguist. Have the language (and dialect, if you know it), the type of assignment and the date ready.

Call our bookings team+44 (0)333 339 8218
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