African languages · language family or group

Nilo-Saharan language interpreting and translation

Nilo-Saharan is a name for a large group of African languages spoken from the Nile valley to the Sahara and the Niger bend. It is not a single language, so we work with you to identify the exact language a client speaks and then match a specialist interpreter.

Nilo-Saharan languages

Nilo-Saharan languages

Script
Latin, Arabic (some languages), Old Nubian historically
Direction
Left to right

The term Nilo-Saharan is used to group together languages that do not fit Africa's other large families. It includes the Nilotic languages, such as Dinka, Nuer, Dholuo, Acholi, Kalenjin, Maasai and Turkana; the Saharan languages, such as Kanuri, Teda and Zaghawa (Beria); Fur and the Maban languages, including Masalit, in Darfur and eastern Chad; the Nubian languages of northern Sudan and southern Egypt; Songhay along the Niger river; and the Central Sudanic languages, such as Lugbara and Sara.

Whether all of these languages really descend from one common ancestor is disputed. For practical purposes, the important point is that speakers of different Nilo-Saharan languages generally cannot understand one another.

  • Main areas: South Sudan, Sudan, Chad, Kenya, Uganda
  • Also used: Tanzania, Ethiopia, Niger, Nigeria, Mali, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Communities abroad are not shown. Point to an area to see its name.

How we help

Nilo-Saharan languages services

SILA Linguists®

Nilo-Saharan language interpreters and translators with SILA Linguists®

The term Nilo-Saharan usually comes up when a client's language has not yet been pinned down. SILA Linguists® helps courts, immigration teams, healthcare providers and humanitarian organisations across Britain, North America, Australia and New Zealand identify the right language first: Dinka rather than Nuer, Masalit rather than Fur, Kanuri, Zaghawa, Acholi, Dholuo, Lugbara or Songhay. Speakers of different languages in this grouping generally cannot understand one another, so the country, region and community name a person gives are the starting point for every booking.

Interpreting once the language is identified

With the language confirmed, we arrange face-to-face interpreters for asylum interviews, tribunals, court hearings, hospital appointments and resettlement meetings. Telephone interpreting is available at any time, on any day of the year, and video interpreting via our SILA Linguists® app or your organisation's own video software is often the fastest way to reach speakers of less widely spoken languages from South Sudan, Sudan, Chad or the Great Lakes region.

Many clients also speak a local form of Arabic, Swahili or English. We always recommend interpreting in the first language for legal, medical and asylum work, keeping relay through a shared language for situations where the client chooses it. Consecutive interpreting is standard, and simultaneous interpreting, including RSI, can be arranged for community or humanitarian events. We can provide a woman or a man to interpret where a subject such as sexual violence or maternity care calls for it.

Translation across Latin and Arabic-based orthographies

Most written Nilo-Saharan languages use the Latin alphabet with extra letters, tone or vowel marks, while some communities write in Arabic script. Because spelling conventions differ from one language to the next, we confirm the readership before we start, whether the text is a consent form, a resettlement guide or a public health message.

Supporting documents from Sudan, Chad and neighbouring countries are often in Arabic, French or English. We provide certified translation of these and of documents in the languages themselves, with a signed certificate confirming accuracy, accepted by UK authorities such as judges, immigration caseworkers and universities, and by prospective employers.

Transcription and language identification

We transcribe and translate recorded interviews, testimony and field audio, with time stamps and clear notes on code-switching. Where a person's origin is in question, our specialist linguists and analysts carry out language analysis to determine origin (LADO), which is particularly relevant to claims from Darfur, the Sudan and South Sudan borderlands and eastern Chad.

Sectors we support in Nilo-Saharan language

Our vetted, trained and qualified linguists can support immigration and asylum services, solicitors, courts, NHS and community health teams, social care, refugee charities and international humanitarian programmes. With SILA Linguists®, one case coordinator takes your request from first identification to final delivery, using vetted linguists bound by confidentiality agreements and the requirements of UK GDPR.

Good to know

Working with Nilo-Saharan languages

Interpreting

  • The label 'Nilo-Saharan' usually comes up when a client's language is not yet known. Tell us the country, region and ethnic or community name the person gives, and any other languages they speak, such as Arabic, Swahili or English. With that information we can identify the language, for example Dinka rather than Nuer, or Masalit rather than Fur, and book the correct interpreter.
  • Many speakers from Sudan, South Sudan and Chad also speak a local form of Arabic, and speakers from East Africa often know Swahili. Interpreting in the first language is the most accurate option for legal, medical and asylum work, and relay through a shared second language is best kept for cases where the client chooses it.

Translation

  • Most Nilo-Saharan languages that are written use the Latin alphabet, often with additional letters and tone or vowel marks, and some communities use Arabic script. Orthographies vary from language to language, so we confirm the target readership before translating. Certified translation is available for documents in these languages and for supporting documents in Arabic, French or English.
Related languages

Nilo-Saharan languages and its neighbours

Choose a language to see its page. Getting the right variety matters: tell us the region or dialect if you know it.

  • Asylum interviews and language identification
  • Healthcare appointments
  • Legal and court proceedings
  • Humanitarian and resettlement programmes
  • Social care
Get in touch

Need a Nilo-Saharan languages interpreter or translator?

Our bookings team will confirm the details with you and arrange the right linguist. Have the language (and dialect, if you know it), the type of assignment and the date ready.

Call our bookings team+44 (0)333 339 8218
EmailOpen in your email app
WhatsAppMessage us Opens WhatsApp in a new conversation