African languages

Dinka interpreting and translation

Dinka is the largest language of South Sudan, spoken by the Jieng people across the Nile basin. We arrange Dinka interpreters and translators with attention to dialect.

In its own words

Thuɔŋjäŋ

Script
Latin (with additional letters)
Direction
Left to right
ISO 639-3
din

Dinka, known to its speakers as Thuɔŋjäŋ, is a Western Nilotic language closely related to Nuer. It is spoken over a wide area of South Sudan, from Northern Bahr el Ghazal and Warrap to Jonglei and Upper Nile, and by some communities in Sudan. Large diaspora communities live in Australia, the United States, Canada, the UK and Kenya.

Dinka is better seen as a cluster of closely related varieties than a single uniform language. Commonly cited groupings include Rek, Agar, Padang and Bor, with further distinctions such as Twic, Malual, Ciec, Aliab and Ruweng. Dinka is usually divided into five main regional varieties. Most varieties are mutually intelligible to a useful degree, but differences in vocabulary, vowels and tone can be significant.

Dinka is written in a Latin-based alphabet with additional letters such as ɛ, ɔ, ŋ and ɣ, and diaeresis marks for breathy vowels (ä, ë, ï, ö). Literacy in Dinka is less widespread than spoken use, and many speakers read in English or Arabic.

  • Main areas: South Sudan (Jonglei, Lakes, Warrap, Northern Bahr el Ghazal)
  • Also used: South Sudan (Upper Nile, Unity)
  • Other regions

Communities abroad are not shown. Point to an area to see its name.

How we help

Dinka services

SILA Linguists®

Dinka (Thuɔŋjäŋ) interpreting and translation services with SILA Linguists®

Dinka, which its speakers call Thuɔŋjäŋ, is spoken across South Sudan from Northern Bahr el Ghazal and Warrap to Jonglei and Upper Nile, and by large diaspora communities in Australia, the United States, Canada, the UK and Kenya. It is a cluster of related varieties, including Rek, Agar, Padang and Bor. SILA Linguists® provides Dinka interpreters and translators to asylum, health, legal, family and humanitarian services worldwide, and we always ask about your client's home area so that the dialect match is as close as possible.

Dinka interpreters matched by dialect and background

Rek speakers from Bahr el Ghazal and Bor speakers from Jonglei can usually communicate, but differences in vowels, tone and vocabulary become significant in a detailed asylum account or a police interview. Our Dinka interpreters work in Home Office interviews, tribunals, police stations, criminal and family courts, hospitals, child protection conferences and humanitarian programmes. Relay through Juba Arabic, Sudanese Arabic or English is possible, but direct Dinka interpreting is our default for anything detailed.

After years of conflict in South Sudan, a client may have concerns about an interpreter's community. Our interpreters are strictly neutral and declare any conflict of interest, and you can ask for a male or female interpreter. Video interpreting through the SILA Linguists® app or your platform is especially practical for Dinka because it reaches skilled interpreters across the diaspora and across time zones, and the telephone service is open at all hours. Face-to-face, consecutive and community interpreting are also available.

Dinka translation, audio formats and certified documents

Written Dinka uses extra Latin letters such as ɛ, ɔ and ŋ, plus diacritics, so we work with fonts that display them correctly and agree the target regional standard before translation. For many Dinka speakers, audio or video information is more accessible than print, and we can record translated health or safeguarding messages instead of, or as well as, a leaflet.

Official documents from South Sudan are generally in English or Arabic. We provide certified translation of Arabic records with a signed statement of accuracy, accepted by UK authorities such as colleges and the Home Office, and by recruiters, keeping Dinka names spelled consistently. Arabic or English papers for authorities in the United States, Canada or Australia are certified as each one requires, including through NAATI-certified translators.

Dinka transcription and LADO

We transcribe Dinka recordings with timestamps and a parallel English text, labelling any Arabic or English. For protection and nationality questions, SILA Linguists® offers language analysis to determine origin (LADO) by specialist analysts.

Sectors we support in Dinka

Our vetted, trained and qualified Dinka linguists can support immigration and asylum teams, police and courts, the NHS, family and children's services, refugee charities and aid agencies. One project team, vetted linguists and strict confidentiality under NDAs and UK GDPR come as standard. Dinka interpreters can support resettled families in Australia, the United States and Canada at courts, refugee hearings, hospitals and schools.

Good to know

Working with Dinka

Interpreting

  • Ask about the client's home area and dialect. Rek speakers from Bahr el Ghazal and Bor speakers from Jonglei, for example, can usually communicate, but a closer dialect match improves accuracy in legal and asylum work.
  • Many speakers also know Juba Arabic, Sudanese Arabic or English. Relay through these languages is possible, but a direct Dinka interpreter is preferred for detailed accounts.
  • Given past conflict in South Sudan, clients may have concerns about an interpreter's community or background. Interpreters must remain neutral and declare any conflicts of interest.
  • Video interpreting is practical for Dinka and helps reach interpreters in the diaspora across different time zones.

Translation

  • Written Dinka requires fonts that support the extra Latin letters and combining diacritics. Spelling conventions vary between regional standards, so agree the target dialect before translation.
  • For many readers, audio or video formats are more accessible than written translations. Official documents from South Sudan are usually in English or Arabic and are translated from those languages.
Related languages

Dinka and its neighbours

Choose a language to see its page. Getting the right variety matters: tell us the region or dialect if you know it.

  • Asylum and immigration
  • Healthcare
  • Courts and police
  • Family and child services
  • Humanitarian programmes
Get in touch

Need a Dinka interpreter or translator?

Our bookings team will confirm the details with you and arrange the right linguist. Have the language (and dialect, if you know it), the type of assignment and the date ready.

Call our bookings team+44 (0)333 339 8218
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